What is the term for abnormal swelling in a portion of a branch, leaf, root, or bud?

What is the term for abnormal swelling in a portion of a branch, leaf, root, or bud?

• A. Gall
• B. Mosaic
• C. Chlorosis
• D. Wilt

Answer: (A)

Abnormal swelling in a portion of a branch, leaf, root, or bud is called a gall. A gall is a tumor-like growth formed when a plant tissue reacts to a living organism or pathogen, most commonly insects or mites that induce the plant to grow around the invader, though fungi, bacteria, or nematodes can also cause them. The swelling creates a distinct, localized structure that can distort or redirect normal plant growth. This concept is different from mosaic, which refers to mottled or patterned coloration on leaves caused by certain viruses; chlorosis, which is yellowing due to loss or lack of chlorophyll; and wilt, which is a loss of turgor and drooping due to water or vascular problems. Examples include oak apple galls formed by gall wasps or root-knot nematode galls on roots.

Abnormal swelling in a portion of a branch, leaf, root, or bud is called a gall. A gall is a tumor-like growth formed when a plant tissue reacts to a living organism or pathogen, most commonly insects or mites that induce the plant to grow around the invader, though fungi, bacteria, or nematodes can also cause them. The swelling creates a distinct, localized structure that can distort or redirect normal plant growth. This concept is different from mosaic, which refers to mottled or patterned coloration on leaves caused by certain viruses; chlorosis, which is yellowing due to loss or lack of chlorophyll; and wilt, which is a loss of turgor and drooping due to water or vascular problems. Examples include oak apple galls formed by gall wasps or root-knot nematode galls on roots.